잠재적 독성에 대한 허브 스크리닝

2011

https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/42020

Screening of Herbal Medicines for Potential Toxicities

Screening of Herbal Medicines for Potential Toxicities

허브의 전임상 독성 시험

여기에는 인간에 대한 독성 영향에 대한 임상 테스트를 수행하기 전에 비인간 실험 모델에서 수행된 다양한 독성 테스트가 포함됩니다.

일반적으로 이러한 시험은 비동물시험과 동물시험으로 분류된다. 이 시험에서 약초를 분별하여 얻은 생 추출물 또는 정제 화합물을 평가할 수 있습니다.

Common name	Plant source/parts used	Intended indications	Potential toxicity
Ginseng	Panax ginseng roots	Relieves stress, promotes mental and physical activity	Central nervous system stimulation, hypertension, skin eruptions [40]
St. John’s wort	Hypericum perforatum aerial parts	Antidepressant, mood stabilizer	Highly potent cytochrome P450 enzyme inducer which affects drug metabolism. Also causes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in pregnancy and lactation [41]
Kava kava	Piper methysticum roots	Sedative, anxiolytic	Hepatotoxic, cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitor [42]
Ginkgo	Ginkgo biloba leaves	Impotence, vertigo, circulatory disorders, improves mental alertness	Gastric irritability, spontaeneous bleeding [43]
Danshen	Salvia miltiorrhiza exterior taproot	Angina pectoris, antihyperlipidemic, ischemic stroke	Bleeding, anticoagulant effects [44]
Hawthorn	Crataegus oxycantha Flowers, roots, berries	Mild to moderate congestive heart failure	Cardiac arrythmias, lowered blood pressure [45]
Comfrey	Symphytum officinale leaves	Anti inflammatory, antidiarrhoel and treatment of thrombophlebitis	Hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity [46]
Licorice	Glycyrrhiza glabra roots	Antiulcer, anti inflammatory, antihypertensive	Hypokalemic myopathy, pseudoaldosteronism, thrombocytopenia [47]
Chaparral, creosote bush	Larrea tridentata leaves and twigs	Blood thinner, weight loss, antioxidant, anticancer, anti arthritis	Carcinogenic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic [48]
Mistletoe	Phoradendron spp., Viscum album leaves and young twigs	Digestive aid, heart tonic, sedative	Hypotension, seizures [49]
Squill	Urginea maritima bulbs	Anti-arthritic, bronchial expectorant	Symptoms resembling digitalis toxicity [50]
Kelp (seaweed)	Liminaria digitata	Metabolic tonic, thyroid tonic, anti inflammatory	Arsenic poisoning, Hyperthyroidism [39]
Ma-huang	Ephedra	Promotes weight loss, mental and physical alertness	Cardiotoxicity, thyrotoxicosis, seizures [51]
Senna	Senna occidentalis seeds	Laxative	Skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity [52]
Aloe	Aloe vera leaves	Wound healing, laxative	Cytogenetic toxicity [53]

Table 1.

다양한 적응증으로 판매되는 일부 일반 약초와 관련된 잠재적 독성 효과