종양학에서 약물 재배치

New drugs are not enough‑drug repositioning in oncology:

An update

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijo.2020.4966

New drugs are not enough‑drug repositioning in oncology: An update

Table I

Drug repositioning in oncology.

Drug name (class of drug)Primary usePotential anticancer treatment applicationsClinical trial identifierChemical structure

Artesunate	Malaria	Kaposi's sarcoma, NSCLC, melanoma, breast, ovarian, prostate and renal cancers	NCT02633098
Auranofin	Rheumatoid arthritis	Melanoma, leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, NSCLC	NCT01737502
Albendazole (BZM)	Helminths infestation	CRC, leukemia, liver and ovarian cancers	NCT02366884
Flubendazole (BZM)	Intestinal parasites	Leukemia, melanoma, myeloma, neuroblastoma, breast cancer	-
Mebendazole (BZM)	Helminths infestation	GBM, melanoma, glioma, medulloblastoma	NCT03925662
Omeprazole (BZM)	Gastrointestinal disease	CRC, breast and pancreatic cancers	NCT02595372
Chloroquine	Malaria, lupus, amebiosis, rheumatoid arthritis	GBM, NSCLC, pancreatic and breast cancers	NCT03243461
Chlorpromazine	Psychosis	Glioma, neuroblastoma, leukemia, lymphoma, CRC, breast and liver cancers	NCT03021486
Clomipramine	Depression and other psychiatric disorders	Glioma, astrocytoma	-
Desmopressin	Central diabetes insipidus	CRC, lung and breast cancers	NCT01623206
Digoxin	Hearth failure and arrhythmia	Breast, prostate, and head and neck cancers	NCT01763931
Disulfiram	Alcohol deterrent	GBM, CRC, melanoma, prostate, ovarian, breast, pancreatic and liver cancers	NCT03323346
Doxycycline	Bacterial infestation	GBM, melanoma, breast, ovarian, lung, prostate and pancreatic cancers	NCT02775695
Fenofibrate	Hypertriglyceridemia and mixed dyslipidemia	Medulloblastoma, breast and lung cancers	NCT01356290
Nelfinavir (HPI)	AIDS	Myeloma, sarcoma, GBM, melanoma, head and neck, pancreatic, breast, lung, thyroid and prostate cancers	NCT01065844
Ritonavir (HPI)	AIDS	MM, glioma, breast cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia	NCT01009437
Itraconazole	Antifungal	NSCLC, GBM, medulloblastoma, basal cell carcinoma, breast, lung, prostate, ovarian and pancreatic cancers	NCT00769600
Ivermectin	Parasitic infestation	TNBC, CRC, lung and ovarian cancers	NCT02366884
Leflunomide	Rheumatoid arthritis	Myeloma, melanoma, NET, TNBC, neuroblastoma, prostate, bladder and breast cancers	NCT03709446
Lithium	Depression	Osteosarcoma, leukemia, CRC, GBM, prostate, thyroid, lung, stomach, esophageal brain, and head and neck cancers	NCT03153280	Li(OH)
Metformin	Type 2 diabetes	CRC, NSCLC, breast, bladder, endometrial, lung, prostate and pancreatic cancers	NCT02285855
Niclosamide	Tapeworm infestation	NET, NSCLC, TNBC, acute myeloid leukemia, osteosarcoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, glioma, ovarian, prostate, lung, and head and neck cancers	NCT02807805
Nitroxoline	Urinary tract infections	Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer	CTR20131716
Acetylsalicylic acid (NSAID)	Analgesic, antipyretic, platelet aggregation inhibitor	CRC and CRC liver metastases	NCT03326791
Celecoxib (NSAID)	Familial adenomatous polyposis	CRC, lung, breast, prostate, bladder, and head and neck cancers	NCT02429427
Diclofenac (NSAID)	Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic	Glioma, skin cancer	NCT04091022
Ibuprofen (NSAID)	Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic	Glioma, neuroblastoma, CRC, prostate, bladder, breast, lung and gastric cancers	NCT02141139
Ketorolac (NSAID)	Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic	Oral, head and neck, and breast cancers	NCT02470299
Naproxen (NSAID)	Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic	CRC, basal and squamous cell carcinoma	NCT02052908
Piroxicam (NSAID)	Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic	Skin cancer	-
Sulindac (NSAID)	Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic	Colorectal neoplasms	NCT01349881
Sildenafil (PDE5I)	Erectile dysfunction	NSCLC	NCT00752115
Tadalafil (PDE5I)	Erectile dysfunction	HCC, metastatic pancreatic cancer	NCT03785210
Vardenafil (PDE5I)	Erectile dysfunction	Gliomas and brain metastases	NCT02279992
Pimozide	Several mental/mood disorders	Breast, lung, prostate, ovarian and pancreatic cancers, CRC, HCC	-
Propranolol	Infantile hemangioma	Breast cancer, CRC	NCT00888797
Riluzole	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Melanoma, breast and prostate cancerc	NCT02796755
Statins	Cardiovascular diseases	HCC, CRC, prostate cancer	NCT04026230
Thalidomide	Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy	Prostate cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, MM	NCT00450008
Valproic acid	Anticonvulsant, bipolar disorder, migraine headaches	Lymphoma, myeloid leukemia, CRC, glioma, thyroid, cervical, bladder, head and neck, prostate and pancreatic cancers	NCT00670046
Verapamil	High blood pressure, angina, tachycardia	NSCLC, meningioma, breast cancer	NCT00706810
Zidovudine	AIDS	Lymphoma, MM, breast cancer	NCT00854581

[i] One example of a notable clinical trial is provided for each drug. BZM, benzimidazole derivative; HPI, HIV protease inhibitor; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PDE5I, phospodiesterase-5 inhibitor; CRC, colorectal carcinoma; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; GBM, glioblastoma multiforme; MM, multiple myeloma; NET, neuroendocrine tumors; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; TNBC, triple negative breast cancer.